Quantitative analysis of cadmium in rice roots based on LIBS and chemometrics methods

Abstract Background Excessive cadmium can damage cell structure, inhibit enzyme activity, and affect metabolic process, thus, leading to decline of rice yield quality. Root is an important organ crops, the detection in root essential for limitation grains. Results In this study, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied quantitative analysis. Pretreatment methods, including median absolute deviation, wavelet transform, area normalization, were used improve spectral stability. Scanning electron microscope energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) first analyze ablation pit surface characteristics results showed significant positive correlation with lines Cd II 214.44, 226.50 I 228.80 nm. Univariable models that three have good prediction cadmium. Fitting methods linear, logarithmic, polynomial propose characteristic input variables, univariable based on variable fitting 214.44 nm achieved best effect ( R p = 0.9821 RMSEP 31.1 mg/kg). Besides, partial least squares regression (PLSR), support vector machine (LS-SVM) extreme learning (ELM) multivariate Compared univariate analysis, ELM model full spectrum 0.9896 26.0 mg/kg) had more advantages detection. Conclusion traditional (150 min), method LIBS technology (less than 5 min) greatly reduces time heavy metals. The has proved be a reliable roots. research provide theoretical timely metals crop food production.